SPECIAL TOPICS IN INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE AND POLICY

 MIDDLE EAST: OIL, PEACE, TERRORISM, AND U.S. POLICY

ITRN 701 – X02

 

DR. YEHUDA LUKACS

ylukacs@gmu.edu

703.993.2156

Office: JC 239D

 

 

Overview

 

 

This graduate seminar will focus on the political economy and international relations of the contemporary Middle East. Particular emphasis will be placed on examining strategies for economic development and growth pursued by the countries in the region since World War II. The impact of oil on development, impact of Islamism on politics, structural causes of violence and terrorism, Arab-Israeli relations, as well as American policy toward the region will also be analyzed. The seminar will explore four distinct but interrelated issue areas vital to our understanding the complexity of the region.

 

Globalization and Economic Development

 

An analysis of the relationship between the political capacity of Middle East regimes (praetorian republics, monarchies and conditional democracies) and integration into the global capitalist system. Is there a correlation between economic performance and democratization? What has been the enduring legacy of oil since the 1973 oil embargo? 

 

Political Islam

 

Despite concerted efforts during the last several decades, Islamist movements have failed to capture and retain political power in the Muslim world. Some argue that the attack on American on September 11 was an attempt to reverse the process of decline. We will examine the state of political Islam since the 1960’s. Special emphasis will be placed on examining the impact and legacy of the Iranian revolution as well as subsequent developments such as the civil war in Algeria, Islam in Egypt, and Osama bin Laden’s crusade against the West.

 

Arab-Israeli Conflict

 

An analysis of the issues and themes that have characterized and defined the conflict over the past century. In particular, examination of contending historical narratives, water-shed events, role of territory, security, violence, and an assessment of the course of the peace process, as well as its unraveling.

 

American Policy

 

United States’ interests in the Middle East have ranged from containment during the Cold War to guaranteeing the uninterrupted flow of oil and preserving the security of Israel. How have American interests shifted since the end of the Cold War? Can the United States maintain its “special relationship” with Israel and pursue its other interests in the region?  Special attention will be given to examining the policies of the last three American presidents and their impact on the region: the Gulf War, the Madrid Conference, the Oslo process, dual containment, and the war on terrorism.

 

 

Class Schedule (Additional readings will be assigned)

 

 

May 20            Introduction

 

May 22            Political Economy of the Middle East (Read: Henry and Springborg)

 

May 27            Economic Performance

 

May 29            Economic Performance

 

June 3              Case Study: 1973 Oil Embargo

 

June 5              Globalization and Democratization

 

June 10            Overview of Political Islam (Read: Kepel)

 

June 12            Petro-Islam versus Arab Nationalism

 

June 17            The Impact of the Iranian Revolution and the War in Afghanistan

 

June 19            Case Study: Algeria and the dilemma of democratization

 

June 24            Al Qaida, Islam and Transnational Terrorism

 

June 26            The Arab-Israeli Conflict: Causes and Consequences (Read: Bickerton and Klausner)

 

July 1               Israeli Perspectives: Primacy of Security and Biblical Nationalism

 

July 3               Palestinian Perspectives: Victimization, Revolutionism, and Suicide Bombers

 

July 8               Case Study: The Quest for Peace and Reconciliation

 

July 10             American Interests in the Middle East (Read: Quandt)

 

July 15             Case Study: From the Gulf War to Oslo and Back

 

July 17             The New Middle East? Economic Development, Islam, Democracy and Conflict Resolution

 

 

Required Texts

 

 

Clement M. Henry and Robert Springborg, Globalization and the Politics of Development in the Middle East, (Cambridge University Press, 2001)

 

Gilles Kepel, Jihad: the Trail of Political Islam, (Harvard University Press, 2002)

 

Ian Bickerton and Carla Klausner, Concise History of the Arab-Israeli Conflict, (Prentice Hall, 2001)

 

William Quandt, Peace Process: American Diplomacy and the Arab-Israeli Conflict since 1967, University of California Press, 2001)

 

 

Assessment

 

 

Research Paper (minimum 25 pages)              60 percent

Participation                                                     20 percent

Group Project                                                  20 percent